P5 Science · Chapter 16brightbit.net/worksheets
Matter and Its States
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- 1.
What are the three states of matter?
(a) Solid, liquid, plasma(b) Solid, liquid, gas(c) Liquid, gas, vapour(d) Solid, fluid, vapour
- 2.
What is the arrangement and movement of particles in a solid?
(a) Particles are far apart and move freely(b) Particles are closely packed in a regular arrangement and vibrate in fixed positions(c) Particles are randomly arranged and move quickly(d) Particles are loosely arranged and slide past each other
- 3.
How do particles in a liquid differ from particles in a solid?
- 4.
What is evaporation?
(a) A liquid turning into a gas at its boiling point(b) A gas turning into a liquid(c) A liquid slowly turning into a gas at the surface below boiling point(d) A solid turning directly into a gas
- 5.
What is condensation?
(a) A liquid cooling to become a solid(b) Water vapour (gas) cooling and turning into liquid water(c) Ice melting into water(d) A liquid evaporating into gas
- 6.
What is melting and what is its reverse process?
- 7.
Why can gases be compressed but solids cannot?
(a) Gas particles are heavier(b) Gas particles are far apart with lots of empty space between them; solid particles are tightly packed with no space(c) Solid particles are lighter(d) Gas particles are larger
- 8.
What happens to a liquid when it evaporates? How does this cool a surface?
- 9.
What is the boiling point of water?
- 10.
A metal bridge expands slightly in summer and contracts in winter. Why?
(a) The bridge gains mass in summer(b) Particles vibrate more vigorously when hotter, taking up more space; they vibrate less when cooler, taking up less space(c) The bridge absorbs moisture in summer(d) Metal changes state in summer
Answer key — P5 Science: Matter and Its States
For parents. Step-by-step explanations for every question are free on brightbit.net.
- 1.(b) Solid, liquid, gas
- 2.(b) Particles are closely packed in a regular arrangement and vibrate in fixed positions
- 3.Liquid particles are still close together but move around each other freely; they have no fixed arrangement, giving liquids a definite volume but no fixed shape
- 4.(c) A liquid slowly turning into a gas at the surface below boiling point
- 5.(b) Water vapour (gas) cooling and turning into liquid water
- 6.Melting is a solid changing to a liquid when heated; the reverse is freezing (solidification) — a liquid changing to a solid when cooled
- 7.(b) Gas particles are far apart with lots of empty space between them; solid particles are tightly packed with no space
- 8.High-energy particles escape the liquid as vapour, removing heat energy; the remaining liquid has lower average energy and is cooler
- 9.100°C at standard atmospheric pressure
- 10.(b) Particles vibrate more vigorously when hotter, taking up more space; they vibrate less when cooler, taking up less space
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